Area of investment and support

Area of investment and support: Engineering biology – EPSRC

Engineering Biology is the design, engineering and re-engineering of biologically based or biologically inspired parts, devices and systems. This research area includes developing or scaling up techniques to deliver a greener, healthier, more resilient future.

Partners involved:
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)

The scope and what we're doing

This area encompasses the application of engineering tools and principles to design and engineer novel biologically based parts, devices and systems that do not exist in the natural world, as well as the redesign of existing natural biological systems for useful purposes.

Engineering biology is an evolution of synthetic biology, with our definitions of both being informed by the Royal Academy of Engineering report (PDF, 1.65MB). It encompasses the wider capabilities of the biosciences, engineering and the physical sciences to support the exploitation of synthetic biology knowledge for economic and public benefit.

As engineering biology matures and moves closer to application across a wide range of sectors, it increasingly draws on insight from a broad range of disciplines such as environmental science, biomedicine, economics and social sciences.

To maximise the full potential of engineering biology, UKRI’s research councils work hand in hand with national and international partners across governments, academia and industry to drive this critical technology forward. This means that the broad remit of the engineering biology research area spans remits of multiple research councils.

EPSRC funds engineering biology research with a focus on applying engineering tools to biological systems to deliver new biologically based or biologically inspired parts, devices and systems which could result in a greener, healthier, more resilient future. Engineering biology research which primarily fits within other research councils’ remit is outside of scope of EPSRC funding. For interdisciplinary research that may cross research council remits, it can be difficult to know which council to submit an application to. Use our remit service to seek advice on which council to submit your application to.

This research area has developed substantially through targeted investments seeking to increase the UK’s competitive advantage. It remains of strategic importance, with EPSRC playing a vital role in ensuring that engineering biology’s potential can be realised. We will look to capitalise on existing investments and infrastructure with a view to exploiting the manufacturing and scale up potential.

A continued focus will be to ensure that engineers in particular, along with mathematicians and physical scientists, are fully engaged and play a leadership role in developing the future of engineering biology. Research in this area is central to addressing current and future national challenges related to sustainability and resource efficiency.

Standards, metrology and responsible research innovation are three areas of significant importance to growing the potential of engineering biology, due to their importance in transforming research into viable industrial technologies. The community should have embedded them into research practices as standard.

We will also work with the community and other important partners to identify suitable challenges and areas of strategic importance within the portfolio as they arise.

Why we're doing it

The UK is judged second only to the US when it comes to engineering biology. However, in terms of policy we are seen to be a world leader.

This portfolio has grown significantly, attributable to targeted investment in research, infrastructure and people by EPSRC and other funders. This investment, in conjunction with partners, has developed a strong infrastructure base underpinning the community, for example, the Synthetic Biology for Growth initiative.

As this research area has been maturing and the technology moving closer to application, process engineering aspects, in particular scale up, has become increasingly important; this has been reflected in the House of Lords Science and Technology Committee report on engineering biology. We are working with the community to stimulate interdisciplinary collaboration with the process and manufacturing communities, and encouraging the community to tackle these challenges, to exploit any potential opportunities that arise.

We are also encouraging the communities working on different critical technologies to collaborate in order to find and exploit synergies between them, such as convergence of engineering biology and artificial intelligence research.

Facilities

Access to state-of-the-art equipment and expertise has been enabled through establishment of:

Critical investments are in place to safeguard the future skills pipeline necessary to capitalise on this nascent technology area, in the form of centres for doctoral training in engineering biology and bioprocess leadership.

Importance to the UK

Our government-endorsed strategic plan indicates that the area remains of strategic importance to the UK and contains a strong focus on future application of any technology developed. This research area has potential to address a diverse range of important socio-economic challenges including healthcare, agriculture, novel materials, biofuels, energy, bioremediation, clean water and manufacturing. The UK bioeconomy is currently estimated to be worth around £220 billion gross value added, with the aim to increase by a further £220 billion over the coming decade.

Investment in collaboration with the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) has been a real success. To ensure that the community thrives and quality is maintained, working across research councils is continuing.

Clear links exist across the EPSRC portfolio. Key interactions include:

View evidence sources used to inform our research strategies.

Past projects, outcomes and impact

National Engineering Biology Programme

Recognising the rapid evolution of engineering biology and its potential for even greater impact across a wider range of sectors, in 2020 UKRI collaborated with the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory to deliver a series of stakeholder engagement events.

These events brought together key stakeholders across academia, business, government and funders to establish an overarching vision for engineering biology in the UK.

This led to the development of the National Engineering Biology Programme (NEBP). The programme aims to create a coherent engineering biology community and ecosystem, building on the UK’s capabilities and accelerating them to the next level through a coordinated and integrated programme.

NEBP has informed all of our recent investments in engineering biology, and continues to provide the strategic framework for future funding and partnerships.

Technology Missions Fund

Jointly funded by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology (DSIT) and UKRI, the Technology Missions Fund (TMF) is a £320 million programme designed to accelerate technology development, adoption and diffusion, and cement the UK’s global leadership in five technologies of UK strength and opportunity.

Through £60 million of TMF, plus a further £65 million of UKRI core funding, UKRI has developed an extensive programme of engineering biology research and innovation that aims to tackle specific missions informed by the themes and challenges identified by NEBP.

Some of the TMF investments funded or delivered by EPSRC included Mission Hubs and Awards, and Proof of concept fund delivered together with the EPSRC-funded Synthetic Biology Innovation and Knowledge Centre SynbiCITE.

Find out more about TMF investments.

Engineering Biology Centres for Doctoral Training and Doctoral Focal Awards

The recent EPSRC investments in talent and skills in engineering biology included EngBio CDT at Universities of Bristol and Oxford (jointly funded with BBSRC) and cross-council Doctoral Focal award in Engineering Biology.

Synthetic Biology for Growth

Synthetic Biology for Growth was a £114 million cross-council investment in 2014 to support early-stage research that could support future industrial activity and foster a strong, collaborative network of academic and industrial researchers across the UK. The outcomes of this investment included six Synthetic Biology Research Centres, DNA synthesis centres and foundries, and doctoral training centres. See the economic impact evaluation of the programme.

Visualising our portfolio (VoP) is a tool for users to visually interact with the EPSRC portfolio and data relationships. Find out more about research area connections and funding for synthetic biology.

Find out about research funded by EPSRC on Gateway to Research.

Who to contact

Last updated: 28 August 2025

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