Area of investment and support

Area of investment and support: Population health sciences

The aim of this programme is to support and advance the study of biological, social and environmental influences on the physical and mental health and wellbeing of populations, and the development of interventions designed to improve population health or prevent diseases.

Duration:
ongoing
Partners involved:
Medical Research Council (MRC)

The scope and what we're doing

The Medical Research Council’s (MRC) population health sciences programme embraces the study of biological, social and environmental influences on the physical and mental health and wellbeing of populations.

A key aim of population health research is to understand how and why health and wellbeing varies within and between populations and across the life course.

The science we support

Longitudinal Population Studies (LPS)

For more than 50 years, MRC has funded a diverse range of population cohorts for LPS that have provided important insights into the determinants of health, wellbeing and disease. They have also contributed to public health policy and changes in clinical practice. To maximise the value of these studies, it is important to gain a comprehensive understanding of how they fit into the context of the wider UK population cohort landscape.

UK Biobank

UK Biobank is a major national resource for health research with the aim of improving the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of serious and life-threatening illnesses.

Funded primarily by MRC and the Wellcome Trust, UK Biobank recruited 500,000 people aged between 40 and 69 years between 2006 and 2010 from across the country to take part in this project. They have undergone DNA sequencing, medical imaging, provided blood, urine and saliva samples for future analysis, supplied detailed information about themselves and agreed to have their health followed.

Adolescent Health Study

MRC’s Adolescent Health Study (AHS) is a new longitudinal population study and data platform. It will focus on the critical biological and social developments that occur during adolescence.

AHS aims to recruit and retain around 100,000 young people, aged eight to 18 at enrolment, and will follow their health and wellbeing for a period of 10 years. Recruitment will take place predominantly through schools.

The vision is to stimulate an exponential increase in research to understand health trajectories and outcomes for young people, with a key focus on health equity.

Our Future Health

Our Future Health is an ambitious collaboration between the public, charity and private sectors to build the UK’s largest health research programme, bringing people together to develop new ways to prevent, detect and treat disease.

It aims to be the UK’s largest ever health research programme, recruiting up to five million adult volunteers from across the UK, to help researchers discover new ways to prevent, detect and treat diseases.

Strategic initiatives and partnerships

UK Prevention Research Partnership

The UK Prevention Research Partnership (UKPRP) is a multi-funder initiative that supports research into the primary prevention of non-communicable diseases to improve population health and reduce health inequalities in the UK.

The research addresses the upstream determinants of non-communicable diseases and is produced together with users such as policymakers, practitioners, health providers, the third sector and the public. The upstream determinants include, but are not limited to:

  • The built and natural environment
  • Employment, education, welfare, transport, health and social care, and communication systems
  • The policies of local and central government and of commercial enterprises

UKPRP seeks to:

  • build and support interdisciplinary research teams to develop, implement and evaluate preventive policies, practices, designs and interventions which will enable change within complex adaptive systems to prevent non-communicable disease
  • deliver solutions for large-scale and cost-effective improvements in health and the prevention of non-communicable diseases that meet the needs of providers and policymakers and are responsive to the challenging timescales of policymaking

UKPRP has funded seven research consortia and five networks, consisting of academics from a range of disciplines and partners from local authorities, charities, and industry.

Population health improvement

Through UKRI’s health, ageing and wellbeing strategic theme we have funded a new interdisciplinary network comprising a director led Hub and four research themes, each addressing a separate yet complementary challenge. The themes are:

  • Healthy urban places
  • Local health and global profits
  • Policy modelling for health
  • Population mental health

The Population Health Improvement network will underpin research to improve the health of communities across the UK, reduce health inequalities, and develop and evaluate effective, long-lasting and environmentally sustainable interventions.

Population Research UK

Population Research UK (PRUK) is an initiative dedicated to maximising the potential of longitudinal population studies in the UK across social, economic and biomedical research, funded by the UKRI Infrastructure Fund.
PRUK will drive change by delivering five key objectives:

  • Coordinate and advocate for the LPS community
  • Enhance discovery capabilities for LP
  • Streamline data access processes and mechanisms
  • Facilitate LPS linked data use
  • Build capacity and skills for LPS
UK Longitudinal Linkage Collaboration

UK Longitudinal Linkage Collaboration (UK LLC) is the national Trusted Research Environment (TRE) for data linkage in longitudinal research. It simplifies access to linked data for research, enabling discoveries through linked associations between health, social, behavioural, and economic research.

UK LLC originated in 2020 as part of the COVID-19 Longitudinal Health and Wellbeing National Core Study, set up by Sir Patrick Vallance and led by Professor Nish Chaturvedi. Further funding from MRC and Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) has enabled UK LLC to expand from a purely COVID-19 research resource to a general-purpose research resource, meaning linked longitudinal data held in the UK LLC TRE can now be used for a wide range of research in the public good.

UK LLC provides secure access to the TRE containing more than 400,000 participant records from over 20 Longitudinal Population Studies across the four UK nations. This includes some of the earliest studies established, with decades of self-reported and clinical data. UK LLC enhances the study-collected data by linking participants’ health and socio-economic data and data about the environments, neighbourhoods and dwellings in which participants live.

Units and centres

MRC supports the following units and centres, which study the various determinants of population health:

How we fund population health sciences

We fund population health sciences through boards and panels, various fellowships and multi-funder partnerships such as the UKPRP and UK Biobank.

Boards and panels

Our boards and panels include:

Fellowships

MRC fellowships provide outstanding scientists with exceptional opportunities to develop their careers, by concentrating on challenging research and gaining the broader experience that is essential to a future leadership role.

They can support the development of talented individuals to strengthen the UK population health research base.

Opportunities, support and resources available

Funding opportunities

Please check the individual boards and panels pages in the ‘Scope and what we’re doing’ section above for responsive-mode applications. We will only post new strategic funding opportunities in this section.

Data sharing policy

Data sharing policies are vital for enabling the greater use of valuable MRC-funded resources. These need to ensure that data and biological samples are collected and preserved using appropriate standards, and that there are transparent and independent governance arrangements in place for access and sharing.

Working in partnership with the major funders, we have strengthened our policy on the access and governance of patient and population studies. We have also developed improved guidance for data management plans. This gives information on data collection, management, preservation, sharing and collaboration.

Read our policy and guidance on sharing of research data from population and patient studies.

Complex intervention guidance

In 2021 MRC and the National Institute for Health and Care Research published a new complex intervention research framework. This was aimed at a broad audience including health researchers, funders, clinicians, health professionals, policy and decision makers.

It is intended to help:

  • researchers choose appropriate methods to improve research quality
  • research funders to understand the constraints on evaluation design
  • users of evaluation to weigh up the available evidence in the light of methodological and practical constraints

Natural experiments guidance

MRC and NIH’s guidance on using natural experiments to evaluate population health interventions was updated in 2025.

UK Primary Prevention Research portfolio

MRC carried out a detailed analysis of the UK’s primary prevention research portfolio for 2018. The report provides an important baseline to inform the strategic direction of future prevention research in the UK. It also demonstrates that we need increased multidisciplinary capability for research into whole-system influences on behaviour and public health.

MRC Cohort Directory

In 2014, we carried out a strategic review of UK population cohorts: Read the strategic review: Maximising the value of UK population cohorts. The cohort directory is a list of UK population cohorts. The directory aims to signpost users to individual cohorts to maximise the use and translation of findings of these valuable UK assets.

CLOSER

Cohort and Longitudinal Studies Enhancement Resources (CLOSER) is a UK partnership bringing together major longitudinal population studies to boost their use, value, and impact, providing researchers and policymakers access to rich data on social and health trends. It is based at the University College London Social Research Institute and funded by the ESRC, making complex data accessible for understanding societal challenges. The consortium currently includes 19 partner studies.

CLOSER provides a number of resources for the community, including CLOSER Discovery: a specialised search engine that allows researchers to browse metadata and questionnaires from major UK studies and its Learning Hub and Training Hub provide free resources, including animations and modules, for students and professionals new to longitudinal research.

Who to contact

MRC Population Health Sciences Group

The MRC Population Health Sciences Group oversees MRC’s strategy in this area. It carries out an annual analysis of MRC public health sciences portfolio.

MRC population health sciences team

For general enquiries, email phs@mrc.ukri.org

Dr Richard Evans, Interim Head of Population Health Sciences

Email: richard.evans@mrc.ukri.org

Dr Katherine Dunne, Programme Manager, Population Health and UK Prevention Research Partnership

Email: katherine.dunne@mrc.ukri.org

Dr Pooja Shah, Science Manager, Population Health and Prevention Research

Email: Pooja.Shah@mrc.ukri.org

Dr Sherie Wright, Programme Manager, LPS Services (UK LLC and Population Research UK)

Email: sherie.wright@mrc.ukri.org

Last updated: 9 January 2026

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